Parotid gland

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PAROTID GLAND

Parotid region contain the largest serous salivary gland and the “Queen Of The Face” the facial vein.

* The parotid gland is the largest of salivary gland.

* Weight 25-30gm.

* Situated below the external acoustic meatus between the ramus of mandible and sternocleidomastoid muscle.


CAPSULE OF PAROTID GLAND

* The investing layer of the deep cervical fascia forms a capsule for the gland.

* The fascia splits (between the angle of the mandible and the mastoid process ) to enclose the gland.

* The superficial lamina is thick and dense attach to gland & attached to the zygomatic arch.

* The deep lamina is thin and it attached to styloid process.

EXTERNAL FEATURE

The gland has four surfaces -

a) Superior (base of the pyramid)

b) Superficial

c) Anteriomedial

d) Posteromedial

The surface are separated by three border -

a) Anterior

b) Posterior

c) Medial

RELATION

# Surface :-

1) Superior -

a) External Acoustic Meatus
b) Posterior Surface of Temporomandibular joint
c) Superficial temporal vessel
d) Auriculo temporal nerve

2) Superficial - It is the largest of the four surfaces.
 
a) Skin
b) Parotid fascia
c) Deep Parotid Lymph node

3) Anteriomedial -

a) Masseter
b) Lateral Surface of Temporomandibular joint
c) Posterior border of ramus of mandible

4) Posteromedial-

a) Mastoid process
b) Styloid process
c) External Carotid artery

#Border :-

1)  Anterior -

a) Parotid duct
b) Most terminal branch of the facial nerve

2) Posterior - It is overlaps the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
3) Medial - It separate the Anteriomedial surface from Posteromedial surface.

BLOOD SUPPLY

The parotid gland is supplied by the external carotid
artery and its branches that arise within the gland. The
veins drain into the external jugular vein and internal
jugular vein.

VENOUS DRAINAGE

Drain into tributaries of external juglar vein.
 
NERVE SUPPLY

1) Parasympathetic - Secretomotor ( wtery ).

2) Sympathetic - Secretomotor ( mucous rich sticky ) & vasomotor ( blood vessels ).

3) Sensory - Auriculo temporal nerve ( gland ) & great auricular nerve ( parotid fascia ) .

LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

1) Superficial parotid nodes ( superficial fascia ) .
2) Deep parotid node

APPLIED ANATOMY

1) Accessory parotid gland
2) Mump
3) Abscess in the parotid gland
4) Frey's Syndrome.
  


               THANK YOU 😊

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